Class 12 Physics Electrical Circuits Notes and Important Questions
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Notes for Class 12 Electrical Circuits (Physics) are shown above.
Practice
Important Questions
A student sets up a circuit as shown in the figure given below to measure the emf of a test cell.
Explain why he is unable to find a balance point and state the change he must make in order to achieve the balance
State how he would recognize the balance point.
He obtained the balance point for distance 37.5cm using a standard cell of emf 1.50V. And for the test cell, the balance distance AB was 25.0 cm. Calculate the emf of the test cell.
He could have used an ordinary voltmeter to measure the emf of the test cell directly. The student, however, argues that the above instrument is more precise than an ordinary voltmeter. Justify his logic.
Obtain balanced condition of Wheatstone bridge circuit using Kirchhoff’s laws.
A potentiometer wire is 4 m long. It has a resistance of 10 Ω. It is connected in series with a battery of 2 V and resistance of 5 Ω. Calculate the potential gradient along the wire.
The arrangement of potentiometer circuit for the determination of internal resistance of a cell (r) is shown in figure. Derive an expression for internal resistance of the cell.
How can you convert a galvanometer into an ammeter of suitable range?
State the two Kirchhoff's laws of electrical circuit.
Obtain an expression for the balanced condition of Wheatstone bridge using Kirchhoff's laws.
State the principle of the Potentiometer. A potentiometer is also called a voltmeter of infinite resistance, why?
In the meter bridge experiment, the balance point was observed at $J$ with $l = 20\ \text{cm}$.
The values of $R$ and $X$ were doubled and then interchanged. What would be the new position of balance point?
If the galvanometer and battery are interchanged at the balance position, how will the balance point get affected?
State the two Kirchhoff’s laws for electrical circuits.
In Meter Bridge shown below, the null point is found at a distance of $60.0\ \text{cm}$ from A. If now a resistance of $5\ \Omega$ is connected in series with $S$, the null point occurs at $50\ \text{cm}$. Determine the values of $R$ and S.
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Exam
Past Question Analysis
Historical exam-pattern data from past NEB question papers — not a prediction of future questions.
3
Question Items
1
Total Marks
3
Papers Appeared In
| Year | Question Items | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 2083 | 1 | — |
| 2082 | 1 | — |
| 2080 | 1 | 1 |
Also appears in 2 model questions (not counted above — model sets aren't actual NEB exam history).
This chapter develops the skills needed to understand and analyze electrical circuits. It includes Kirchhoff's laws, Wheatstone and meter bridges, potentiometer, galvanometer, ammeter, voltmeter, ohmmeter and Joule's law.
This page covers Electrical Circuits, chapter 14 of 25 in the Class 12 Physics syllabus set by the National Examination Board (NEB). 10 important questions for this chapter are available, each with a full solution.
For numerical and derivation-based chapters like this one, working through past NEB questions is usually more useful than re-reading notes alone — try solving each important question above before checking the solution, then compare your working step by step.