Sub. code 2021
NEB — GRADE XII
2082
Old Question
Biology Question Paper 2082 (Old Question)
The candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate full marks.
Pass Marks : 32
सबै प्रश्नको उत्तर दिनुहोस् । (Attempt All Questions)
This old question question paper is for Class 12 Biology, 2082 (subject code 2021), carrying full marks of 75 with a pass mark of 32, to be completed within 3hrs. Answers with step-by-step solutions are available for every question below.
Group A (Botany)
Rewrite the correct answer in your answer sheet
Which of the following terms describes pollen tube entry into the embryo sac of ovule through micropyle during fertilization?
Mesogamy
Chalazogamy
Syngamy
Porogamy
Which of the following structures in a plant is primarily responsible for regulating transpiration?
Xylem
Stomata
Root hairs
Phloem
Which of the following genetic disorders is caused by a point mutation?
Down’s Syndrome
Turner’s Syndrome
Sickle Cell Anaemia
Klinefelter’s Syndrome
A botanist observes scattered vascular bundles throughout the ground tissue in a plant stem. What is the most appropriate conclusion?
The plant is monocot.
The plant undergoes secondary growth.
The plant has an open vascular bundle.
The plant is a dicot.
If a plant is placed in a sealed bell jar with limited oxygen, how will its energy production be affected over time?
ATP production will increase due to higher glycolysis.
The plant will rely on anaerobic respiration producing less ATP.
The citric acid cycle will become faster to make up for lack of oxygen.
The electron transport chain will continue functioning normally.
Group B (Botany)
short answer question
Differentiate between simple permanent tissue and complex permanent tissue on the basis of structure, types, cell composition and functions.
The diagram below illustrates a type of artificial vegetative propagation in an angiosperm. Answer the following questions:

Identify the type of vegetative propagation and name the parts labelled P and Q.
Briefly explain this type of propagation with an example.
Mention any two applications of this method.
In which process are the linked genes inherited together from one generation to another with parental and non-parental combinations? Explain the process with suitable example
How does diffusion differ from osmosis based on the types of molecules involved across a cell membrane? Explain how environmental factors influence the rate of diffusion.
How can GMOs be used to address global food security challenges and what are the potential environmental concerns and health risks associated with their use?
Group C (Botany)
long answer question
How do different photosynthetic pigments contribute to capturing light energy? Explain how cyclic and non-cyclic photo-phosphorylation generate ATP and NADPH, and illustrate these with appropriate charts.
Explain how color blindness is inherited as a sex-linked trait in humans. Illustrate the inheritance of colour blindness using suitable genetic crosses and analyze the resulting phenotypic outcomes. Based on your analysis, justify why this pattern is referred to as criss-cross inheritance.
Scientists proposed different models of DNA replication. Identify the biologically feasible model that occurs during the S-phase of interphase. Explain the mechanism of this replication process, highlighting the role of enzymes, and illustrate with necessary diagrams
Group A (Zoology)
Rewrite the correct answer in your answer sheet
Which of the following cell produces histamine and heparin?
Plasma cells
WBC
Macrophage cells
Mast cells
Which is the first stage of embryonic development after fertilization in frog's zygote?
Blastulation
Morulation
Cleavage
Gastrulation
After complete digestion of food in duodenum, food changes into milky juice like fluid. What is this state of food called?
Bolus
Chyme
Faeces
Chyle
Most of the organ transplantations have rejection issue. Which of the following organ transplant has no rejection problem?
Cornea transplant
Lung transplant
Kidney transplant
Skin transplant
What is the term called for the addition of individuals in a population from outside or from another population?
Emigration
Immigration
Migration
Dispersion
Identify the pair of disease transmitted through contaminated food and water.
Typhoid and cholera
Typhoid and TB
Cholera and TB
Cholera and candidiasis
Group B (Zoology)
short answer question
“Squamous epithelium is called pavement epithelium.” Give reason. Write any three differences between squamous epithelium and cuboidal epithelium.
Write about neurulation process in development of frog.
Name any two indigenous fish species. Discuss how integrated fish farming is advantageous over traditional fish farming.
Study the given figure of human internal ear and answer the questions that follow:

Label part A, B, C, D.
Write function of A and D.
Renal disorder is the malfunctioning of kidneys. Identify any two risk factors responsible for kidney disorders and suggest any two healthy habits to protect our kidneys.
Group C (Zoology)
long answer question
Mention the causative agent, mode of transmission, symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Highlight various strategies for its prevention. Why is it called “disease of poverty”?
Reproduction is a process of continuation of human race. Describe female reproductive system with a well labelled diagram of human being. How would you explain ovulation in female human?
Nephrons are the structural and functional unit of kidney. Illustrate the structure of nephron with a labelled diagram. What would happen if ADH is secreted insufficiently?